general overview of automotive systems, fundamentals of internal combustion engine (ICE) construction and operation, engine control unit (ECU), transmission, suspension, steering, electric and electronic systems. mechatronics systems in the modern automobile and presents basics, advantages, layout, components, and functional operation of various computer-controlled vehicle systems. engine and drive-train control, cruise control, suspension control, anti-lock braking (ABS), airbag control, climate control, stability management system, instrumentation, and others.